If each SSK is going to cost $1 billion, why not invest in SSNs instead? All Western nations capable of building SSNs have opted for them. I still haven’t been convinced that there’s any mission where an SSK can be more efficient or cost-effective than other assets.
1. **SSK with VLS loaded missiles like BrahMos or other anti-ship missiles** – An SSK would still require a command-sensor network since it can’t detect targets 1,000 km away on its own. If such a network exists, wouldn’t ships be a cheaper platform to launch these missiles? Or even fighter jets or drones? When it comes to an anti-ship role using VLS-loaded missiles, a submarine seems highly inefficient compared to fighter jets with AShMs, coastal batteries, something like Rapid Dragon cargo planes, MPAs, or drones.
2. **SSK armed with torpedoes against enemy ships** – This seems like a suicide mission because, as mentioned in point 1, there are cheaper and more effective ways to neutralize enemy ships. If you're relying on torpedoes, you're likely facing not a single ship, but a group of them. In that case, the chances of surviving after firing are very low.
3. **SSK vs. SSN** – There’s no need for much explanation here. If the first strike isn’t a guaranteed kill, the SSK becomes a sitting duck. In this ambush role, wouldn’t something like an XLUUV (about 500 tons) be a better option? I’m still not convinced why a human is needed in this scenario. After all, a human is only reacting to what the sensors detect, and this could easily be programmed into the system.
My opinion is that the Indian Navy should focus solely on SSNs. Right now, with an SSK costing $1 billion, SSNs make more sense. Cost-effectiveness and PSU shipyards don’t go hand in hand, and whatever roles like coastal defense, ambushes, and ISR an SSK might perform could be handled more efficiently by unmanned submarines.
Feel free to refute or discuss.