Indian Space Program: News & Discussions

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RISING SUN said:
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This lunch was important , as india's 1st private sector developed hall effect thruster sattelite called " poem" by Bellatrix was part of the mission payload . Hall effect thruster was 1st developed by soviet russia during cold war era in 70s . Now being used in elon musk star link and many imp space mission . The device employs electric and magnetic fields to ionise propellant gases like Xenon to make thrust.

Bellatrix first ones in the country to have designed it to operate efficiently at very low current levels .succeeded in developing the smallest Hall Thruster in the country . Bellatrix’s hall-effect thruster would offer far higher specific impulse or mileage and could double the service life of these satellites to 10 years. The thruster is expected to provide a reliable propulsion solution to the manufacturers of small satellite—a booming market which includes Elon Musk’s Starlink and Adrián Steckel’s OneWeb. It had also bagged an order from ISRO for developing the world’s first commercial Microwave Plasma Thruster, which uses water as fuel.

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kharabela said:
This lunch was important , as india's 1st private sector developed hall effect thruster sattelite called " poem" by Bellatrix was part of the mission payload . Hall effect thruster was 1st developed by soviet russia during cold war era in 70s . Now being used in elon musk star link and many imp space mission . The device employs electric and magnetic fields to ionise propellant gases like Xenon to make thrust.

Bellatrix first ones in the country to have designed it to operate efficiently at very low current levels .succeeded in developing the smallest Hall Thruster in the country . Bellatrix’s hall-effect thruster would offer far higher specific impulse or mileage and could double the service life of these satellites to 10 years. The thruster is expected to provide a reliable propulsion solution to the manufacturers of small satellite—a booming market which includes Elon Musk’s Starlink and Adrián Steckel’s OneWeb. It had also bagged an order from ISRO for developing the world’s first commercial Microwave Plasma Thruster, which uses water as fuel.

More on this by garib scientist

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I made a mistake . "poem " is fourth stage or the orbital experimental platform . The 4th stage is repurposed by isro for carrying many experimental platform which includes ion thruster . The payloads include PSLV In orbitaL Obc and Thermals (PiLOT), an OBC package and an Advanced Retarding Potential analyser for Ionospheric Studies (ARIS-2) experiment from IIST, HET-based ARKA200 Electric Propulsion System from Bellatrix, DSOD-3U and DSOD-6U deployer units along with DSOL-Transceiver in S- & X- bands from Dhruva Space; and Starberry Sense Payload from Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IAP). The Indian Institute of Astrophysics, which is sending the Starberry to space said that the low-cost device has been developed to accurately identify and measure star positions in space
 
Tests commenced on Power Head Test Article (PHTA) for Semicryogenic engine (SCE-200) at IPRC, Mahendragiri on 10 May 2023. Test demonstrated the complex chill-down operations spanning about 15 hours duration.

 
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What is XPoSat, India’s first polarimetry mission?​

The Indian Space Research Organisation is collaborating with the Raman Research Institute (RRI), Bengaluru, an autonomous research institute, to build the X-Ray Polarimeter Satellite (XPoSat) that is scheduled to be launched later this year.

Recently, ISRO chairman S Somanath urged Indian scientific institutions to identify talented students and take steps to motivate them in effectively using the data emerging from science-based space missions. He mentioned the XPoSat in this regard.

What is the XPoSat mission?​

According to ISRO, “XPoSat will study various dynamics of bright astronomical X-ray sources in extreme conditions.”

It has been billed as India’s first, and only the world’s second polarimetry mission that is meant to study various dynamics of bright astronomical X-ray sources in extreme conditions. The other such major mission is NASA’s Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) that was launched in 2021.

“IXPE carries three state-of-the-art space telescopes. Each of the three identical telescopes hosts one light-weight X-ray mirror and one detector unit. These will help observe polarized X-rays from neutron stars and supermassive black holes. By measuring the polarisation of these X-rays, we can study where the light came from and understand the geometry and inner workings of the light source,” The Indian Express reported at the time in an explainer.

How are X-Rays witnessed in space?​

As NASA explains on its website, X-rays have much higher energy and much shorter wavelengths, between 0.03 and 3 nanometers, so small that some x-rays are no bigger than a single atom of many elements. The physical temperature of an object determines the wavelength of the radiation it emits. The hotter the object, the shorter the wavelength of peak emission.

X-rays come from objects that are millions of degrees Celsius — such as pulsars, galactic supernova remnants, and black holes.

“Like all forms of light, X-rays consist of moving electric and magnetic waves. Usually, peaks and valleys of these waves move in random directions. Polarised light is more organised with two types of waves vibrating in the same direction,” says a video from NASA on IXPE. It adds that fishermen use polarised lenses to reduce glare from sunlight when they are near water.

The field of polarimetry studies the measurement of the angle of rotation of the plane of polarised light (that is, a beam of light in which the vibrations of the electromagnetic waves are confined to one plane) that results upon its passage through certain transparent materials, according to Britannica.

ISRO’s website says that the emission mechanism from various astronomical sources such as black holes, neutron stars, active galactic nuclei, pulsar wind nebulae etc. originates from complex physical processes and are challenging to understand.

Space based observatories are also unable to give information about the exact nature of the emission from such sources. Therefore, newer devices can measure specific properties.

What are XPoSat’s payloads?​

The spacecraft will carry two scientific payloads in a low earth orbit. The primary payload POLIX (Polarimeter Instrument in X-rays) will measure the polarimetry parameters (degree and angle of polarisation).

The payload is being developed by RRI in collaboration with ISRO’s U R Rao Satellite Centre (URSC) in Bengaluru. POLIX is expected to observe about 40 bright astronomical sources of different categories during the planned lifetime of XPoSat mission of about 5 years. This is the first payload in the medium X-ray energy band dedicated for polarimetry measurements.

The XSPECT (X-ray Spectroscopy and Timing) payload will give spectroscopic information (on how light is absorbed and emitted by objects). It would observe several types of sources, such as X-ray pulsars, blackhole binaries, low-magnetic field neutron star, etc.
indianexpress.com

What is XPoSat, India’s first polarimetry mission?

According to ISRO, “XPoSat will study various dynamics of bright astronomical X-ray sources in extreme conditions” and will carry two payloads.
indianexpress.com indianexpress.com
 
Second-generation NaVIC navigation satellite is in orbit, with Indian-made rubidium atomic clocks!

NVS-01 GSLV-F12.jpeg

The 2nd gen with multiple improvements has been deployed - 10 years after the first-gen was launched in 2013. Good to see continued progress in indigenous GPS alternatives.
 
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RASALGHUL said:
Slow progress.....
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We are slow, but I think we are moving in the right direction. The GSLV MK2 was a problematic launch vehicle in the past. The issues are ironed out, and the vehicle seems to be stable now. Also, if you see that we are pretty close to developing NGLV, we are in the process of completing the required engine. We may need another engine that can use RP1 fuel and throttle to be able to land the first stage.

CE/LM 20*2
LM100
SCE200* 2
1685359877764.png
 
Parthu said:
The American GPS Block-1 launches started in 1978. Block-2 launches began in 1989 - 11 years later.

Approx ~10 years gap between these 'blocks/generations' is fairly industry standard. There's no point in deploying more blocks until & unless the new technologies have actually matured.
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I am actually not very impressed by ISRO lately. This comment "Slow Progress" was to express this feeling more than anything else.
Where is ISRO going? What are they planning to do next, That will help our nation directly & in a tangible way?
I am no a big fan of " showing off Contest" i.e. Going to space, moon, Mars, etc.
These Showing of projects are for rich nations.
 
RASALGHUL said:
I am actually not very impressed by ISRO lately. This comment "Slow Progress" was to express this feeling more than anything else.
Where is ISRO going? What are they planning to do next, That will help our nation directly & in a tangible way?
I am no a big fan of " showing off Contest" i.e. Going to space, moon, Mars, etc.
These Showing of projects are for rich nations.
Click to expand...
ISRO sometimes does what the PMO wants. The priority is human space missions.
 
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India is signing the Artemis Accords (an American-led effort to return humans to the moon by 2025, with the ultimate goal of expanding space exploration to Mars and beyond. ) In addition, NASA and ISRO have agreed to a joint mission to the International Space Station in the year 2024 .

economictimes.indiatimes.com

India to sign Artemis Accords, send joint mission to ISS says White House

India has officially joined the Artemis Accords, a non-binding set of principles designed to guide civil space exploration based on the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. NASA and ISRO are working on a human spaceflight cooperation framework, with a joint space mission to the International Space Station...
economictimes.indiatimes.com economictimes.indiatimes.com
 
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