India’s electric vehicle drive: Challenges and opportunities

Ethanol you mean ? At first the plan was to replace all petrol fuel with ethanol, but that was never going to be practical. So the govt. decided to blend petrol with ethanol. The approach taken is a phased increase in % composition of ethanol in petrol blend. We are actually doing quite well there :

Last year it was 6.6 % : India to achieve highest-ever ethanol blending in petrol this year - ET EnergyWorld

This year its going to be 7.2 % : India to achieve 7.2% of ethanol blending with petrol this season

But as the first link shows we don't produce enough ethanol(thought production is increasing), so we import it mostly from the US. Its likely that the ethanol levels will continue rising and we will continue importing more and more ethanol. Govt. is looking at ways of increasing production and looking for cheap, even if controversial, sources of petrol. For example :

India's Reliance to resume Venezuela oil loadings after four-month pause
The only long term solution is electric cars.
 
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@Bali78 while you are right about electric vehicles. Those would create more problems for us if we don't make the batteries ourselves. That's why steps like these are so important.
@Sathya

Khanij Bidesh plans to acquire cobalt, lithium mines in Australia, South Africa

3 min read. Updated: 11 Oct 2019, 10:44 AM IST Utpal Bhaskar, Gireesh Chandra Prasad
  • This strategic push by Khanij Bidesh India Ltd comes in the backdrop of India putting the final shape on a plan to build at least four Tesla-style giga factories
  • This comes in the backdrop of Chinese state-owned firms securing lithium mine concessions in countries such as Bolivia, Argentina and Chile
cobaltmines-kHfH--621x414@LiveMint_1570768880228.jpg

India does not have enough lithium reserves for manufacturing lithium-ion batteries. Photo: Reuters

New Delhi: With energy storage solutions such as lithium-ion batteries holding the key to India’s energy security, state run Khanij Bidesh India Ltd is scouting for acquiring cobalt and lithium mines in Australia and South America.

Also, the joint venture firm of National Aluminium Company Ltd (Nalco), Hindustan Copper Ltd. (HCL) and Mineral Exploration Company Ltd (MECL) is exploring the direct purchase of cobalt and lithium.

This comes in the backdrop of Chinese state-owned firms securing lithium mine concessions in countries such as Bolivia, Argentina and Chile, which forms the so-called lithium triangle. The idea is to not allow India to fall in a vulnerable position with a likely threat of supply squeeze as has happened in the case of crude oil, with India being the world’s third largest oil importer.

“Khanij Bidesh India Ltd., which has been set up as part of the government’s 100 day agenda, is looking for acquiring strategic mineral assets in Australia and South America. Africa is not on the radar at the moment. The idea is to acquire cobalt and lithium mines as well as to get into purchase agreements of these minerals. This will help in achieving resource security with respect to strategic minerals," said a government official requesting anonymity.

India’s push for electric vehicles (EV) may lead to a substantial change in its energy security priorities, with securing lithium supplies, a key raw material for making batteries, becoming as important as buying oil and gas fields overseas. Given the changing global energy landscape, India has set up a National Mission on Transformative Mobility and Battery Storage. An inter-ministerial steering committee has also been set up which is chaired by NITI Aayog CEO Amitabh Kant.

The importance of such energy storage solutions can be gauged from the fact that John B. Goodenough of the University of Texas; M. Stanley Whittingham of the State University of New York at Binghamton; and Akira Yoshino of Asahi Kasei Corporation and Meijo University in Japan were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their contributions to the development of lithium-ion batteries.

India does not have enough lithium reserves for manufacturing lithium-ion batteries. Almost all electric vehicles in the country run on imported batteries, mostly from China. At present a lithium-ion battery accounts for 40% of the total cost of an electric vehicle. Lithium also has other uses such as in mobile phone batteries and solar panels.

This strategic push by Khanij Bidesh India Ltd comes in the backdrop of India putting the final shape on a plan to build at least four Tesla-style giga factories to manufacture batteries with an investment of around $4 billion. The plan to set up these factories of 10 gigawatt hours each to accomplish what Tesla has done at its Gigafactory in Nevada, US, also involves a nearly $1 billion concessional loan facility to be drawn from multilateral lenders such as the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, European Investment Bank, New Development Bank and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.

With India readying its roadmap for transition to electric mobility, leading global manufacturers of lithium-ion batteries are also exploring opportunities to first build assembly units, even as they eventually plan large-scale manufacturing of lithium-ion cells in the country.

Japan’s Panasonic Corp. is exploring opportunities to set up a facility for assembling lithium-ion (li-ion) battery modules in India. South Korea’s LG Chem Ltd and Japan’s Toshiba have also formed collaborations for assembling battery packs with Indian companies such as Mahindra and Mahindra (M&M) Ltd. Indian companies in the battery manufacturing space such as Exide Industries Ltd and Amara Raja Batteries Ltd have also formed joint ventures with foreign companies to start assembling batteries.

Khanij Bidesh plans to acquire cobalt, lithium mines in Australia, South Africa
 
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But oil will rule the transports for at least another 30 years.
30 years is a long time and lots of things can change during that period. Just 10 years back nobody gave any chance to electric cars. Now not only electric cars, but electric trucks have turned out to be viable alternate solutions. The day electric cars are priced similar to petrol/diesel cars with at least 300km range, everybody will go for electric cars. These are the advantages of electric vehicles.
1. Awesome driving experience similar to top class sports cars.
2. Very low maintenance costs.
3. Very low wear and tear including break pads.
4. Low running costs.

The limitations of EVs are high initial cost and limited range. Both of these problems can be solved with large scale production and government subsidy.
 
@Bali78 while you are right about electric vehicles. Those would create more problems for us if we don't make the batteries ourselves. That's why steps like these are so important.
@Sathya

Khanij Bidesh plans to acquire cobalt, lithium mines in Australia, South Africa

3 min read. Updated: 11 Oct 2019, 10:44 AM IST Utpal Bhaskar, Gireesh Chandra Prasad
  • This strategic push by Khanij Bidesh India Ltd comes in the backdrop of India putting the final shape on a plan to build at least four Tesla-style giga factories
  • This comes in the backdrop of Chinese state-owned firms securing lithium mine concessions in countries such as Bolivia, Argentina and Chile
cobaltmines-kHfH--621x414@LiveMint_1570768880228.jpg

India does not have enough lithium reserves for manufacturing lithium-ion batteries. Photo: Reuters

New Delhi: With energy storage solutions such as lithium-ion batteries holding the key to India’s energy security, state run Khanij Bidesh India Ltd is scouting for acquiring cobalt and lithium mines in Australia and South America.

Also, the joint venture firm of National Aluminium Company Ltd (Nalco), Hindustan Copper Ltd. (HCL) and Mineral Exploration Company Ltd (MECL) is exploring the direct purchase of cobalt and lithium.

This comes in the backdrop of Chinese state-owned firms securing lithium mine concessions in countries such as Bolivia, Argentina and Chile, which forms the so-called lithium triangle. The idea is to not allow India to fall in a vulnerable position with a likely threat of supply squeeze as has happened in the case of crude oil, with India being the world’s third largest oil importer.

“Khanij Bidesh India Ltd., which has been set up as part of the government’s 100 day agenda, is looking for acquiring strategic mineral assets in Australia and South America. Africa is not on the radar at the moment. The idea is to acquire cobalt and lithium mines as well as to get into purchase agreements of these minerals. This will help in achieving resource security with respect to strategic minerals," said a government official requesting anonymity.

India’s push for electric vehicles (EV) may lead to a substantial change in its energy security priorities, with securing lithium supplies, a key raw material for making batteries, becoming as important as buying oil and gas fields overseas. Given the changing global energy landscape, India has set up a National Mission on Transformative Mobility and Battery Storage. An inter-ministerial steering committee has also been set up which is chaired by NITI Aayog CEO Amitabh Kant.

The importance of such energy storage solutions can be gauged from the fact that John B. Goodenough of the University of Texas; M. Stanley Whittingham of the State University of New York at Binghamton; and Akira Yoshino of Asahi Kasei Corporation and Meijo University in Japan were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their contributions to the development of lithium-ion batteries.

India does not have enough lithium reserves for manufacturing lithium-ion batteries. Almost all electric vehicles in the country run on imported batteries, mostly from China. At present a lithium-ion battery accounts for 40% of the total cost of an electric vehicle. Lithium also has other uses such as in mobile phone batteries and solar panels.

This strategic push by Khanij Bidesh India Ltd comes in the backdrop of India putting the final shape on a plan to build at least four Tesla-style giga factories to manufacture batteries with an investment of around $4 billion. The plan to set up these factories of 10 gigawatt hours each to accomplish what Tesla has done at its Gigafactory in Nevada, US, also involves a nearly $1 billion concessional loan facility to be drawn from multilateral lenders such as the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, European Investment Bank, New Development Bank and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.

With India readying its roadmap for transition to electric mobility, leading global manufacturers of lithium-ion batteries are also exploring opportunities to first build assembly units, even as they eventually plan large-scale manufacturing of lithium-ion cells in the country.

Japan’s Panasonic Corp. is exploring opportunities to set up a facility for assembling lithium-ion (li-ion) battery modules in India. South Korea’s LG Chem Ltd and Japan’s Toshiba have also formed collaborations for assembling battery packs with Indian companies such as Mahindra and Mahindra (M&M) Ltd. Indian companies in the battery manufacturing space such as Exide Industries Ltd and Amara Raja Batteries Ltd have also formed joint ventures with foreign companies to start assembling batteries.

Khanij Bidesh plans to acquire cobalt, lithium mines in Australia, South Africa
Correct. India needs to plan for long term and secure raw material sources.
 
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30 years is a long time and lots of things can change during that period. Just 10 years back nobody gave any chance to electric cars. Now not only electric cars, but electric trucks have turned out to be viable alternate solutions. The day electric cars are priced similar to petrol/diesel cars with at least 300km range, everybody will go for electric cars. These are the advantages of electric vehicles.
1. Awesome driving experience similar to top class sports cars.
2. Very low maintenance costs.
3. Very low wear and tear including break pads.
4. Low running costs.

The limitations of EVs are high initial cost and limited range. Both of these problems can be solved with large scale production and government subsidy.

Indeed but it ll take long time to replace all vehicles on road.
Will be limited by production capacity.
Also affordability of vehicle owners.

Once electric car makes entry resale value of gas run car will plummet, bringing in the range of sections of people to buy.

I am actually waiting for it.
Unfortunately for bike, I couldn't wait.
Bought 2 activa s already.. About 2 & 1 years old now.

For car at max I can wait for a year before I need 1.
And I don't have hopes for the next 2 years definitely.
 
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Indeed but it ll take long time to replace all vehicles on road.
Will be limited by production capacity.
Also affordability of vehicle owners.

Once electric car makes entry resale value of gas run car will plummet, bringing in the range of sections of people to buy.

I am actually waiting for it.
Unfortunately for bike, I couldn't wait.
Bought 2 activa s already.. About 2 & 1 years old now.

For car at max I can wait for a year before I need 1.
And I don't have hopes for the next 2 years definitely.
I would not expect any car model with reasonable price and range before 2025. It will be a huge success if car companies can launch mid size/compact sedans with 300-400km range @ 10 lakhs.
 
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Indeed but it ll take long time to replace all vehicles on road.
Will be limited by production capacity.
Also affordability of vehicle owners.

Once electric car makes entry resale value of gas run car will plummet, bringing in the range of sections of people to buy.

I am actually waiting for it.
Unfortunately for bike, I couldn't wait.
Bought 2 activa s already.. About 2 & 1 years old now.

For car at max I can wait for a year before I need 1.
And I don't have hopes for the next 2 years definitely.

No one is buying cars anymore and those who want it are waiting for the shift to electric.
I know I want my next to be electric.
Plus the Court rule to update to BSVI has also damaged car sales.
 
How long should we wait?

For diesel, wait till next q2 atleast in next financial year.
BSVI engines will be in the rollout.
Don't buy in the current term even if lower prices since the current standards are going to be a problem in resale value, etc, so you will loose out in the Total Cost of Ownership if you try to purchase now.

All blame goes to SC, because I think honestly BSVI was unnecessary and we just needed to incentivise and give tax breaks to the electric market.
Electric taking off would offset the need of higher standardized petrol/diesel fuel engines.
All this money going into R&D for petrol/diesel engines could've gone into electric.

For electric, just watch the market.
We have nothing decent currently.
And not in the near term.
Only post 2023 assuming the first wave of cars will have faults to fix.

Btw, how's life.