Unmanned Aerial / Underwater / Ground Vehicles : General Discussions

NSTL has issued a tender for Li-ion batteries & battery management system (BMS) for the under-development High Endurance Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (HEAUV):
HAUV battery split_page-0006.jpg

The selected Indian company will receive NSTL's TOT for the Li-ion battery. Specs of the battery:
HAUV battery split_page-0001.jpg

Delivery schedule for the battery & BMS:
HAUV battery split_page-0007.jpg


Now onto the motor. A 8 kW Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) with Inverter drive will be used to rotate the propulsion shaft. The shaft has a conventional 2 bladed propeller set up. The propulsion component of the HEAUV looks like this:
HAUV motor split_page-0004.jpg


Tender's list of deliverables:
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The specs of the PSMS motor:
HAUV motor split_page-0001.jpg

HAUV motor split_page-0002.jpg

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HAL has started work on drones with payloads of over 8 kg. “We are looking at big drones, including those that can carry payloads of 200 and 2,000 kg. Work is on two categories — medium-altitude, long-endurance (MALE) and high altitude, long-endurance (HALE). For the 2,000 kg payload drone, we have tied up with Israel’s Elbit Systems Electro-Optics Elop Ltd. These drones will also be offered to civil uses like e-commerce deliveries,” he said.

Source:
 
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Seems like HAL is developing both MALE and HALE UAV with 200 and 2000 kg payload respectively it makes sense since they gained experience from CATS program. But which engine will they use? And tie up with controp is most probably for EO pod.
@Gautam @randomradio
 
2000 kg payload drone will require HTFE 25 or twin PTAE.
Remember the Navy wanted to buy some MQ-4C Triton UAVs for maritime patrol ? That drone can carry a payload of 1360 kg. It is powered by a single ~40 kN thrust engine.

To carry 2000 kg you would need more than 40 kN. May be twin HTFE-25 producing 50 kN can do that job. The CATS Warrior UAV's airframe/intakes can support 2 PTAE engines. A scaled up version of that can support 1 HTFE-25 engine. May be we can get 2 HSFE-25 engines in there if the drone was further enlarged.
Possibly imported from the US, with eventual indigenisation.
I doubt that. Imports from US are just that imports. There is little scope for indigenisation.

Anyway here is an Army drone delivering cargo near the LoC. It seems the cargo drone trials are going well :

 
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CVRDE had developed the MUNTRA family of UGVs using the BMP-II as a base vehicle. The project is meant to be a tech demonstrator for future UGVs. The MUNTA family has 4 members divided based on payload : MUNTRA-S, MUNTRA-N, MUNTRA-M & the MUNTRA-B. MUNTRA-B is pictured below.
MUNTRA-B.jpg


Each member has a separate mission & they maintain comms links with the base vehicle. The base vehicle transfers the data back to the users. The vehicles are semi-autonomous as in they can perform certain tasks without human intervention. But the commands to initiate the tasks has to be provided by humans.

The vehicle movements can be controlled directly upto 5 km LOS range. Beyond that the command data is transferred to the based vehicle which relays the data to others. This indirect LOS control can operate up to 20 km.
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For now these vehicles are being used to acquire operational experience in the use of UGVs. They don't have an offensive role yet.

The poster below is CVRDE's road map for developing UGVs. They are already behind schedule. The 2nd milestone of developing autonomous tracked UGCVs in defensive roles is only starting now & VRDE has joined in the effort.
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VRDE has just issued a tender seeking help from Indian industry partners/consortiums to develop a better AI system that would allow "Enhanced Autonomy". The proposed new AI architecture should be able to do the following :
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The tender has the following deliverables:
Screenshot (762).png
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CVRDE eventually wants to have a family of fully autonomous Unmanned Combat Ground Vehicles (UCGVs). One of the proposed designs for the UCGVs is the following:
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It is also based on the BMP-II & is armed with the Arjun Mk-1A's Remote Control Weapon System (RCWS). The RCWS has a Soviet/Russian origin 12.7 x 108 mm NSV heavy machine gun. The EO system is the Tonbo Imaging ELPEOS. ELPEOS is a multi-sensor payload that features a high resolution cooled MWIR imager, a color CCD daylight camera, integrated Laser Range Finder, ballistic computer, inbuilt video stab and target tracker.
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The RCWS on the BMP-II also has a significantly larger magazine that that on the Arjun. This is necessary as there will be no one to change magazines.

CVRDE plans to make an unmanned version of the NAMICA, which is also based on the BMP-II. That would be something. A team of UCGV & unmanned NAMICA will help them reach their 3rd milestone.
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DRDO successfully tests Abhyas high-speed expendable aerial target

Updated: 22 Oct 2021, 05:47 PM IST
By Vivek Punj
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Flight test of Abhyas, its high-speed expendable aerial target (HEAT) system. (Photo credit: ANI)

During the trial, the target was flown from a ground-based controller in a pre-designated flight path at subsonic speed

Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has successfully flighty tested various systems of Abhyas, its high-speed expendable aerial target (HEAT), on Friday. The test was conducted at the Integrated Test Range (ITR) in Chandipur, off the coast of Bay of Bengal in Odisha.
During the trial, the target was flown from a ground-based controller in a pre-designated flight path at subsonic speed, reported ANI. The vehicle can be used as an aerial target for evaluation of various missile systems.

During the test flight, low altitude flight capability with radio altimeter in loop were demonstrated, the news agency reported. IR flares were ignited from the ground station during the test flight, it further added.

Abhyas is a High-speed Expendable Aerial Target (HEAT) being developed at Aeronautical Development Establishment (ADE) under DRDO. According to information shared by DRDO, it offers a realistic threat scenario for practice of weapon systems. Abhyas is designed for autonomous flying with the help of an autopilot, under development at ADE. Abhyas has RCS, visual and IR augmentation systems required for weapon practice.

DRDO successfully tests Abhyas high-speed expendable aerial target
 
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Wonder why we are not using such nozzle in AMCA.
The AMCA's nozzle design is still unknown. GTRE signed a deal with Klimov to develop a 3D thrust vectoring nozzle for the AMCA. But that was during the time the FFGA program was on. Since we left that program nothing else was heard of that project.

HAL makes the 3D thrust vectoring nozzle of the Su-30MKI at Koraput. That can be used as a base design to start making our own. Not sure if we are doing that. AMCA models so far have never shown a chevron design. In fact their design is similar to the jet pipe on the Tejas. The Ghatak & the AMCA programs are connected. Maybe there will be some carry over from there.
May be due to engine since it is not ours.
The Jet pipe is the responsibility of the aircraft manufacturer not the engine maker. We can make our own & integrate it with American engines. Of course there will be problems if we try to integrate Russian nozzles with American engines.
 
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The AMCA's nozzle design is still unknown. GTRE signed a deal with Klimov to develop a 3D thrust vectoring nozzle for the AMCA. But that was during the time the FFGA program was on. Since we left that program nothing else was heard of that project.

HAL makes the 3D thrust vectoring nozzle of the Su-30MKI at Koraput. That can be used as a base design to start making our own. Not sure if we are doing that. AMCA models so far have never shown a chevron design. In fact their design is similar to the jet pipe on the Tejas. The Ghatak & the AMCA programs are connected. Maybe there will be some carry over from there.

The Jet pipe is the responsibility of the aircraft manufacturer not the engine maker. We can make our own & integrate it with American engines. Of course there will be problems if we try to integrate Russian nozzles with American engines.
MKI is having 3D vector nozzles? Are you sure about it? Heard that mki is had only 2D vector nozzles.