With the surgical strike, we crossed LoC to attack terror camps which they denied. ie, no nuclear factor or need to reply using conventional forces. With Balakot, we attacked deep inside Pakistan (Unprecedented in the history of nuclear nations). Which ISPR admitted first. Thus a retaliation was warranted. How can a security state survive without the confidence of the public?. They actually failed to do the intended but got the trophy of abhinandan and the moral high ground of his release. Thus the optic was taken care of and deescalated.
Balakot changed the entire nuclear power balance of the subcontinent. It proved the nuclear umbrella has enough room to escalate without touching thresholds. It proved a terrorist strike inside india can invite direct retaliation inside Pakistan mainland. Which in turn can escalate to be consequences to not only military but also economical and diplomatically which will hurt the nation.
Few Balakot or SS are not going to deter a security state like Pakistan from using irregulars to destabilize India. It will continue to happen as long as the nation exists in its current form (ideology/military deep state). We can only increase the cost of such action to the Pakistani deep state and control it somewhat. Basically, Offensive defense.
Pakistan will attack, it has to attack, now more than ever, and worse than ever, if it is to reestablish MAD as an effective instrument of deterrence against future Indian attacks. The entirety of Pakistani strategy, in fact the entirety of Pakistan's survival, depends upon impressing India that MAD is the absolute outcome of any Indian conventional attack on its soil and/or territory under its control. This Indian attack by its very nature of defiance to Pakistan's threatened response nullifies the very core of Pakistan's strategy and thus by extension, its very survival.
No rational state can accept this threat. And thus it must attack and through the threat of unacceptable response, deter India from retaliating. Anything less fundamentally undermines Pakistani position. The paradigm Pakistan so painfully crafted and perfected over 30-40 years has been undone. It now requires to act fast before the new paradigm takes hold.
Several years ago, I had proposed the idea of a seemingly irrational player being able to undermine and subdue the strategies of rational players, simply by the threat of irrationality. I'd proposed that the very air of rationality can and will be used against interests of etities that are fundamentally rational, and thus, entirely predictable. Thus it behooved even rational entitites to appear at least notionally irrational, to break the stratagem of opponents intent on using your rationality against you. This is the first time in a long long time India is applying these principles against Pakistan, which has always relied on Indian rationality to get away with acts of terror. I wonder if someone like Doval had similar ideas decades ahead of me.