Give me one example of a private company doing production without order.
Rudram-1's user trials in 2024 were from the first LSP batch manufactured by BDL. Adani was chosen for mass production. BDL will also mass produce the missile.
So the BDL factory is producing Rudram-1's as we speak, while Adani is building the factory and establishing long leads for it.
Weapon LSP process begins as soon as development trials are complete. This is followed by user trials. This means every time you hear user trials, it means LSP models are already in production.
Even Astra Mk2 is now in production.
Prelim trials using development models > LSP > User trials > SP. Sometimes we get more user trials in case of changes requested by the IAF using modified variants of the LSP. If those changes are expected to take longer, then they will split the SP into two batches, like they did with Astra Mk1 (200+48 and second order for 400 with greater range). User trials were conducted with initial LSP order of 50.
This stuff is already buried in development contracts because LSP is part of R&D. Only after user trials do you see the main contract.