Agni & Prithvi Ballistic Missiles : News & Discussions

India may soon induct Agni-V with a strike range of 5,000 km: Sources
India is in the process of inducting the first batch of its intercontinental ballistic missile system— Agni-V— which will bring targets across China within its range, and is expected to significantly bolster the country's military prowess.

The missile system, with a strike range of 5,000 km and capable of carrying nuclear warhead, are being inducted into the elite Strategic Forces Command (SFC), official sources said.

They said a series of user trials are being conducted before the country's most sophisticated weapon is handed over to the SFC.

Defence experts said the missile is capable of bringing targets across China including its prominent cities like Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Hong Kong under its range.

Last month, Agni-V was successfully test-fired off the Odisha coast and the sources said a number of other pre-induction tests are being planned in the next few weeks.

"It is a strategic asset which will act as a deterrent. We are at the fag end of the strategic project," said an official, who is part of the Agni-V programme.

He said it is the most advanced weapon in its series as it has latest technologies for navigation and its capability of carrying nuclear warhead is much superior.

The first batch of Agni-V will be handed over to the SFC "soon", the sources said while declining to elaborate further on the closely-guarded defence project.

The missile is being inducted at a time when India's neighbourhood is witnessing evolving security threats.

Very few countries including the US, China, Russia, France and North Korea have intercontinental ballistic missiles.

In its armoury, India currently has Agni-1 with 700 km range, Agni-2 with a 2,000-km range, Agni-3 and Agni-4 with 2,500 km to more than 3,500-km range.

The first test of Agni-5 was conducted on April 19, 2012, the second on September 15, 2013, the third on January 31, 2015 and the fourth on December 26, 2016.

The fifth test was held on January 18. All the five trials were successful.

As part of its efforts to enhance the country's defence capabilities, the government is also working on several key projects including integrating the Brahmos supersonic cruise missile on 40 Sukhoi combat aircraft.

The air-launched variant of the Brahmos, the world's fastest supersonic cruise missile, was successfully test fired from a Sukhoi-30 combat jet on November 22, marking a major milestone to enhance the precision strike capability of the air force.

The defence ministry is now expediting the process to integrate the Brahmos missile on 40 Sukhoi combat aircraft.

The fleet of 40 Sukhoi jet is undergoing structural modifications at the state-run aerospace major Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd (HAL) for integration of the missile on them.
India may soon induct Agni-V with a strike range of 5,000 km: Sources
 
INDIA CONDUCTS SUCCESSFUL NIGHT TRAIL OF NUCLEAR-CAPABLE AGNI-1 BALLISTIC MISSILE

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 31, 2018

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The launch of the surface-to-surface missile was undertaken as a part of periodic training activity by the strategic forces command. The missile has a strike range of 700 kilometres

BALASORE: A night trial of India's indigenously developed nuclear-capable Agni-1 ballistic missile, with a strike range of 700 kilometre was successfully conducted on Tuesday from a test range off Odisha coast as part of a user trial by the Army, defence sources said.

The launch of the surface-to-surface missile was undertaken as a part of periodic training activity by the strategic forces command (SFC) from Abdul Kalam island to consolidate operational readiness, the sources said.

Describing the trial as successful, they said all mission objectives were met during the test.

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The trajectory of the trial was tracked by a battery of sophisticated radars, telemetry observation stations, Electro-optic instruments and naval ships from its launch till the missile hit the target area with accuracy, they said.

The sleek single-stage missile, powered by solid propellants, was launched on Tuesday at about 8 pm from a mobile launcher from launch pad 4 of the integrated test range (ITR), said the sources.

Agni-I missile has a specialised navigation system which ensures it reaches the target with a high degree of accuracy and precision.

The missile, which has already been inducted in to armed forces has proved its excellent performance in terms of range, accuracy and lethality.

Weighing 12 tons, the 15-metre-long Agni-I, which can carry payloads up to 1000 kg, has already been inducted into the Indian army, according to sources.

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Agni-I was developed by advanced systems laboratory, the premier missile development laboratory of the DRDO in collaboration with defence research development laboratory and research centre Imarat and integrated by Bharat Dynamics Limited, Hyderabad.

While the sophisticated missile has been test fired many times from the same base since 2002, the night trial was conducted only for the second time to reconfirm its technological parameters, sources said.

Agni-I was test-fired from the same test range at night earlier on April 12, 2014.

Successful night trial of Agni-1 ballistic missile - Times of India
 
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Nuclear ballistic missile Agni-IV successfully test fired off Odisha coast
Nuclear strategic ballistic missile Agni-IV was successfully test fired today (Sunday) morning at 8.30 am. The test was conducted from launchpad number 4 of the integrated test range at APJ Abdul Kalam Island off Odisha coast.

Agni-IV missile is 20 meter-long and weighs 17 tonnes, it is equipped with state-of-the-art guiding, navigation and communication systems.

It has advanced Avionics, a 5th generation onboard computer system and distributed architecture.

The missile is a high-tech delivery system of advanced engineering having latest features to correct and guide itself for in-flight disturbances.

The test was conducted shortly after the indigenously built Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICMB) Agni-V was test fired from APJ Kalam island.
Nuclear ballistic missile Agni-IV successfully test fired off Odisha coast | India News
 
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Agni IV: India adds more muscle to its deterrence against nuclear-armed neighbours

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All subsequent tests have been conducted by the SFC and it can be safely assumed that the Agni-IV is inducted and in service. (DRDO)

by Sanjay Badri-Maharaj

From a practical and strategic standpoint, the Agni-IV represents India’s most viable deterrent weapon against China until the Agni-V enters full service. As the latter seems to be drawing closer to full induction with two user-associated trials taking place in 2018, there is little doubt that the combination of the Agni-IV and Agni-V provides a quantum leap in India’s deterrence capability.

The Agni-IV – Inducted Deterrence Proven The December 23 2018 test of the Agni-IV ballistic missile is the latest in a series of missile tests aimed at ensuring the credibility of India’s land-based nuclear deterrence while simultaneously providing useful training to the Strategic Forces Command which is inducting the missiles.

Coming on the heels of the Agni-V test of December 10 2018, India has in 2018 alone, conducted SFC launches of the Agni-I, Agni-II, Agni-IV and with two launches of the Agni-V taking place. With a range of 4000km (or possibly more), the Agni-IV represents the successor to the Agni-II.

Earlier known as the Agni-II Prime, the Agni-IV is no larger than its predecessor but has a significantly greater range and, being road mobile, is even more flexible and survivable than the Agni-II. This reflects a greater use of lighter composites and improved solid-fuel propellants and improvements to the guidance system ensure that even at maximum range, the Agni-IV retains a “two-digit” CEP but is a streamlined and noticeably better engineered system as compared to the Agni-II, possessing a much longer range. While its first test in December 2010 was a failure, technical trials on 15th November 2011, 19th September 2012 and 20th January 2014, the latter in full user configuration, were deemed successful. Thereafter, the SFC commenced induction and carried out user trials on 2nd December 2014 and 9th November 2015.

All subsequent tests have been conducted by the SFC and it can be safely assumed that the Agni-IV is inducted and in service. It is expected that the Agni-IV will supplement and then completely replace the Agni-II in production and become the mainstay of the Indian IRBM force. It is also noteworthy that there have been persistent rumours of a canister launched version of the Agni-IV being contemplated.

From a practical and strategic standpoint, the Agni-IV represents India’s most viable deterrent weapon against China until the Agni-V enters full service. As the latter seems to be drawing closer to full induction with two user-associated trials taking place in 2018, there is little doubt that the combination of the Agni-IV and Agni-V provides a quantum leap in India’s deterrence capability. The Agni-IV entered service with the Strategic Forces Command (SFC) in or around 2014, prior to its first user-associated trial in December 2014.

Since that time, it may be assumed that the Agni-IV is in production and given its thus far trouble free user-trials – three of which have now been conducted – it may also be inferred that the SFC is satisfied with the system and is increasingly comfortable with handling and operating the missile.

The system, being both rail and road mobile, is even more flexible and survivable than the Agni-II. In fact, the Agni-IV is, by virtue of its weight and relative ease of transportation, is a versatile delivery system which can be transported more easily than the larger (though much more capable) Agni-V.

The Agni-IV has been fired out to its full revealed range of 4000km at least twice (19th September 2012 and 20th January 2014). It was fired out to 3500km on 9th November 2015 and for about 3000km on 15th November 2011 and 2nd December 2014. With this demonstrated range, Chinese cities such as Beijing and Shanghai come within the range of the Agni-IV even if the missile is sited in Uttar Pradesh or Bihar.

The combination of road and rail mobility gives unprecedented flexibility to the Agni-IV. It is also noteworthy that there have been persistent rumours of a canister launched version of the Agni-IV being contemplated. As with the Agni-V, a hermetically-sealed canister offers the prospect of keeping the missile ready to fire, with a mated warhead.

It is hoped that moves in this direction are taken with alacrity with positive indications emerging (the author has seen requests for launcher and canister components) that such a development will not be long in coming, increasing the already impressive flexibility of the Agni-IV. With respect to warheads, the Agni-IV seems to be deployed with a fusion-boosted-fission weapon with a yield somewhere in the 150-500 kiloton range. These warheads seem to be the standard large-yield designs deployable by the SFC.

To date there have been twelve Agni-II tests, more than a dozen Agni-I tests, eight Agni-III tests, seven Agni-IV tests and seven Agni-V tests. If it is assumed that production commenced after the third successful technical trial, and that user trials would not involve testing more than one in five of any production batch, then it might be suggested that production of each type exceeds twenty missiles.

This might also tally with the rough estimates available for the number of warheads held by India. If it is assumed that between twenty and two dozen of each of the Agni I through IV variants is in service to date, this would give India a deployable strength of perhaps 96 land-based missiles.
 
This render is from an Indian private company that does fuse testing and manufactures a data acquisition device that according to them does the following : "an data acquisition and control system which can generate the required signal to test device under test and fetch the signals generated during test operations. Fetched data will be analyzed in details by the application software and results along with pass-fail will be displayed to users."

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Very fancy lawyer-ed up language ! Understandable given their dealings with strategic systems. That missile in the render looks like an Agni 3/5 missile. The render specifically reveals the warhead section and given the company's fuse testing work I would say they know what the bomb looks like. Whatever happened to we not having MIRVs eh?:p
 
This is what Zeus Numerix put up on their website. They regularly report case studies on the projects they have executed.
Assessment of Nose Shape and Taper on Aerodynamic Stabilityof MIssiles - Zeus Numerix

"Our customer is engaged in development of strategic guided missile systems. These missiles will travel at hypersonic speeds with interception range up to 5000 Km. Such missiles do not feature control surfaces such as tail fins as they are ineffective in high altitude rarified atmosphere. Stability is ensured by correct selection of nose shape and appropriate taper at rear. During its preliminary design stage, it was decided to employ CFD method to find suitable configuration.

Zeus Numerix employed its proprietary CFD simulation tools for generation of stability coefficients. Structured multi-block mesh was generated using GridZ, whereas, in-house Navier Stokes compressible solver, FlowZ, calculated aerodynamic forces & moment at hypersonic speeds. The results were analyzed for stability margin & aerodynamic heating rates at nose region. The study considered multiple nose types as well as taper angles during design iterations.

Customer was delivered with a detailed aerodynamic study report. The report concluded with recommendation on nose shape & taper angle that provides stability margin during the glide phase of missile. The customer proceeded with design of other stage of the missile and detailed engineering."

This combines with the post above gives me the following : Nose redesign to accommodate MIRVs. Is there any new ballistic missile under-development ?
 
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This is what Zeus Numerix put up on their website. They regularly report case studies on the projects they have executed.

"Our customer is engaged in development of strategic guided missile systems. These missiles will travel at hypersonic speeds with interception range up to 5000 Km.

Is there any new ballistic missile under-development ?

K-5 SLBM?