Le standard F5 du Rafale « devrait être en préparation à partir de 2023 », selon le Délégué général pour l’armement
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The F5 standard of the Rafale "should be in preparation from 2023", according to the Délégué général pour l'armement
BY LAURENT LAGNEAU - 28 MAY 2022
While German MPs have finally voted the necessary credits for its continuation [with some reservations, however] and France, Germany and Spain have signed, in August 2021, the "application arrangement n°3" [IA3] concerning its phase 1B, The SCAF [Future Air Combat System] programme is still subject to an agreement to be concluded between Dassault Aviation and the German and Spanish subsidiaries of Airbus for the development of the 6th generation fighter aircraft on which it will be based. This is the first pillar of the project, which has five pillars (aircraft, engine, combat cloud, remote effectors and sensors).
As a reminder, Dassault Aviation intends to keep the levers that will allow it to exercise the prime contractorship that has been entrusted to it... and therefore to have a hand in the flight controls [in which it is a recognised specialist], the functional architecture, stealth and the man-machine interface. Except that Airbus, which will be responsible for two thirds of the NGF's production, does not see it that way. Hence this long-standing stalemate.
Last March, the CEO of the French manufacturer, Eric Trappier, did not hide his annoyance at Airbus' demands. "Somehow I think that we have made enough effort so that now we can go ahead. [I only accept to be a leader if I have the levers to do so. If it's to do co-co, since there are three of us now, I won't do it because it would be a lie to our armed forces to be able to do something in co-development without a leader and to guarantee them a performance, a timeframe and a cost", he said during the presentation of Dassault Aviation's results for the year 2021.
And he insisted: "With France leading the contract, Dassault Aviation is ready to sign. We have done everything necessary to be able to sign with Airbus. I am waiting for Airbus to sign. [...] In 2022, we will have to make a decision, we can't just sit back and say yes or no.
With phase 1A of the SCAF due to end in the first quarter of this year, Dassault Aviation has redirected its engineers to other activities, due to the lack of progress in the discussions with Airbus.
Nearly three months later, the file has not advanced one iota. During a hearing in the Senate at the beginning of May, the Délégué général pour l'armement, Joël Barre, indicated that the situation was "still blocked because of differences of opinion between Airbus and Dassault".
"On this point, I defend the following position: there is an agreement between the two manufacturers concerning phase 1B - which was to be started in 2021 and which we can hope to start by the end of 2022 if we manage to conclude the discussions - covering the period 2022-2025. Airbus has to sign the contract that Dassault has offered," Barre said.
Furthermore, he added, "France, Germany and Spain must for their part stress that a process for committing to the continuation of the programme has been provided for in their cooperation agreement signed on 30 August 2021". He therefore proposed that "the three states should draw up a declaration of intent stating that they welcome the signing of the Phase 1B contracts, and that they will apply the provisions for the transition from Phase 1B to the follow-on programme that are laid down in the cooperation agreement". The DGA said that he had "made a proposal to [his] counterparts in this sense" and was "waiting for their return in the coming days". And since then, nothing has moved...
Moreover, the meeting between Mr Barre and his German counterpart on 10 May apparently yielded nothing... Nor did President Macron's meeting with Chancellor Scholz the day before.
"I agree [...] that we must be firm with the German side on the commitments that have already been made - in particular the industrial organisation with clear responsibility per pillar. We need a prime contractor and an architect for the aircraft. The best in the field must be designated in this case, i.e. Dassault France and not Airbus Germany. Finally, the balance between the two countries must be assessed in the light of all the cooperative programmes," Mr Barre said.
But what will happen if this blockage persists, as Senator Christian Cambon asked the DGA? "I want to believe in our ability to find a solution with our German and Spanish industrial and state partners", he replied, before reminding us that "in any case, [...] we are continuing to develop the Rafale, in particular the F5 standard planned for 2035".
While the F4 standard of the Rafale is being developed, Mr Barre told the senators that the F5 standard "should be in preparation from 2023".
In any case, the idea of a possible failure of the SCAF is gaining ground... In February, deputies Jean-Louis Thiériot and Patricia Mirallès mentioned it in their report on high-intensity engagement, considering that this programme was becoming "more and more hypothetical", which has since been reinforced by Germany's decision to order F-35A aircraft from the United States.
Before them, their colleague Christophe Lejeune had refrained from going further, stressing only that the probable delays in the SCAF would make it necessary to develop the F5 standard of the Rafale, if only to ensure the continuity of the airborne component of the nuclear deterrent.
"It is important to ensure that we have the means to develop a robust and efficient F5 standard, especially as the SCAF NGF will probably not carry nuclear weapons as early as 2040," the parliamentarian wrote in his budgetary opinion on the air force.
For the moment, the contours of the Rafale F5 have not been definitively decided. In an interview given to DSI, General Frédéric Parisot, Major General of the French Air Force, said that it "will be equipped with an impressive number of capabilities, some of which we have not yet imagined". This new standard "will enable us to further improve the Rafale's first entry capability, with new sensors and weapons, but also with the ability to communicate, collaborate and be interoperable," he said.