Most folks don’t go into such finer details & hence they get ambushed by the lurking devil & the entire debate gets distorted, as is the case with AMRAAM versus R-77. The laws of physics dictate that a directly inbound target will offer a higher RCS & therefore will be detectable at a distance of 130km by the NO-11M ‘Bars’ PESA-MMR. But if the target is receding or flying away, then its RCS will get reduced & hence the same NO-11M radar will have a max detection range of only 90km. This is the phenomenon that totally dictates BVRAAM employment, & not the max range envelope of any BVRAAM. And that’s why BVRAAMs are best employed only when the target is inbound right ahead when the distance between the target & the BVRAAM-launching aircraft reduces steadily. Only then can can the BVRAAM be fired with the highest probability of a hit at a distance of 50km at best. This is known as ‘going hot’. But when the target is flying away, then the BVRAAM’s best chance of scoring a hit is at a distance of no more than 20km. This is known as ‘going cold’. The figures are available in posters uploaded by me here: