LCA Tejas Mk1 & Mk1A - News and discussions

Engines for LCA-MK1 jets delayed, HAL prepares back-up plan with used engines to begin deliveries


Delay in engine deliveries has further delayed the delivery of the Light Combat Aircraft (LCA)-Mk1A by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) to the Indian Air Force (IAF). There is further delay of a few months in the delivery of F-404 engines by General Electric and HAL is now preparing a back up to install used engines. Subsequently, delivery of the first LCA-Mk1A to the IAF now aimed for November looks highly unlikely.

“Not a single engine has been received at the moment. They are now expected to be delivered from September onwards,” a defence official in the know said. “Since the engines have not arrived, HAL has come up with an alternate plan to install used engines on the initial batch of jets as an interim measure,” the official stated. The IAF is also involved in this process of using Category-2 or used engines as it is a temporary measure till the new engines arrive for which HAL is constantly engaged with GE, officials said.

In February 2021, the Defence Ministry had signed a ₹48,000 crore deal with HAL for 83 LCA-Mk1A, a more capable fighter than the current LCA-MK1 in service. Following this, in August 2021 HAL signed a $716 mn deal with GE Aviation for 99 F404 aircraft engines and support services for the LCA-Mk-1A. As per contract, three LCA-MK1A were to be delivered to the IAF in February 2024 and 16 aircraft per year for subsequent five years.

In response to questions from The Hindu on the delays, end-June a GE Aerospace spokesperson had said, “The aerospace industry continues to experience unprecedented supply chain pressures. GE Aerospace is working with our partner HAL and suppliers to resolve constraints and deliver F404-IN20 engines.”

Another defence official said expectation is that at least one LCA-Mk1A jet is delivered by year end and half a squadron or eight to nine jets by the end of this fiscal year.

Officials stated that manufacturing of the jets is underway at HAL and while there were other supply chain issues, the primary hold up is the engine delay. Even if some number of engines are delivered in the next few months, small batch of jets can delivered within short time frame, officials asserted.

For IAF the delay is alarming, as the LCA is going to constitute a bulk of the IAF in the next few decades and key to arresting the fighter squadron strength from going below 30 squadrons in the near term and subsequently increase the strength.

In addition to the 83 Mk1A aircraft on order, the Defence ministry has given preliminary approval for procurement of another 97 LCA-Mk1A. This would eventually make 180 LCA-MK1 jets and 220 jets of the MK1 variant. The combined cost of the 180 Mk1As is an estimated of ₹1.15 lakh crore.

In addition, a larger and more capable LCA-Mk2 is under development which will be powered by the GE F-414 engines. A deal to license manufacture the F-414 engines in India is in advanced stages. As of now, the IAF has committed to procuring around 120 LCA-Mk2.
In fact, this is normal. Currently, only South Korea's FA50 and Tejas fighters are still using F404. South Korea uses the GE102 model, and South Korea has its own production capacity. India's IN20 model itself has few orders, perhaps about 10 units a year. Naturally, the Americans are unwilling to expand production again, and the delivery date cannot be guaranteed.
 
All this is a cooked up story. The airframes and complete aircraft minus the engine are ready. These airframes can also be flight tested with reserve engines available with HAL and certified fit for handover to IAF. Once the new engines come, it will take just 8 hrs to replace the old engines and abt 5 hours to install a new engine in case the airframe is without an engine. Within a month all such stored airframes can be delivered to IAF. Engine is just one of the components of the aircraft. It takes more time to build an airframe than it takes to make an engine.
I think it's okay to just listen to the words of so-called insiders, and there's no need to take them seriously. In 2022, all Indians swore that HAL insiders proved that MAK1A had its maiden flight. However, we all know that its actual first flight time is April 2024. If we refer to the JF17block3 test flight time of about 3 years, the actual delivery time of MAK1A to IAF will not be earlier than the end of 2026. Of course, it is not ruled out that India will directly deliver it without completing all test flight subjects for publicity.
 
I think it's okay to just listen to the words of so-called insiders, and there's no need to take them seriously. In 2022, all Indians swore that HAL insiders proved that MAK1A had its maiden flight. However, we all know that its actual first flight time is April 2024. If we refer to the JF17block3 test flight time of about 3 years, the actual delivery time of MAK1A to IAF will not be earlier than the end of 2026. Of course, it is not ruled out that India will directly deliver it without completing all test flight subjects for publicity.
Pot calling kettle black.
 
Or the Indians are going to create a miracle in the history of human aviation and fly all the test subjects in half a year
It will take time but we'll get there. The current GE fiasco has also made us more determined to operationalised our indigenous engine. This delay is painful but the final result is going to be sweet for us. You may not like it though!
 
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I think it's okay to just listen to the words of so-called insiders, and there's no need to take them seriously. In 2022, all Indians swore that HAL insiders proved that MAK1A had its maiden flight. However, we all know that its actual first flight time is April 2024. If we refer to the JF17block3 test flight time of about 3 years, the actual delivery time of MAK1A to IAF will not be earlier than the end of 2026. Of course, it is not ruled out that India will directly deliver it without completing all test flight subjects for publicity.
Yeah, atleast we don't have to count serial numbers to figure out what's what.

First flight did happen in 2022 with modified LCA in the new MK1A configuration. In 2024 final product aircraft took first flight.

HAL is a listed company, they are required by law to give upto date information.
 
Yeah, atleast we don't have to count serial numbers to figure out what's what.

First flight did happen in 2022 with modified LCA in the new MK1A configuration. In 2024 final product aircraft took first flight.

HAL is a listed company, they are required by law to give upto date information.
It is true that we need to use the production batch number to figure out how many fighters China is equipped with, but at least this is clear and there is no doubt. However, HAL prefers to use word games to play tricks on the Indians. Is there any difference between the so-called Tejas that adopts the MAK1A standard and the Tejas MAK1A? Perhaps only Lord Shiva can answer this question.
 
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It is true that we need to use the production batch number to figure out how many fighters China is equipped with, but at least this is clear and there is no doubt. However, HAL prefers to use word games to play tricks on the Indians. Is there any difference between the so-called Tejas that adopts the MAK1A standard and the Tejas MAK1A? Perhaps only Lord Shiva can answer this question.
:LOL: Serial numbers can't be fudged? To feed propaganda numbers of production they do all kind of quackery. These "professional serial number watchers" deduce without questioning it as that's illegal.

How are you not understanding simple sentences? Mk1A do not have any airframe changes. Thus they flew earlier airframe with new subsystems for test flying. After validation they flew new production aircraft with upgrades.
 
:LOL: Serial numbers can't be fudged? To feed propaganda numbers of production they do all kind of quackery. These "professional serial number watchers" deduce without questioning it as that's illegal.

How are you not understanding simple sentences? Mk1A do not have any airframe changes. Thus they flew earlier airframe with new subsystems for test flying. After validation they flew new production aircraft with upgrades.
Ah, you are right, China does not have any J-20 or J-16, those are all made of wood, India can rest assured, the number of Tejas fighters India has is not 32, but 32,000. As for why, of course, it is made up by the Indian government to prevent Indians from being too proud.
Ah, just believe it. In addition to changing the outdated radar, are there any other improvements to the Tejas Mark 1a? Is there an upgrade to the electronic countermeasure system? Is there an upgrade to the engine? Is there an upgrade to the flight control system? Is there an upgrade to the aerodynamic shape? Especially in the 21st century, a tailless delta-wing aerodynamic layout fighter that was already outdated in the 1970s is still in service.
 
It seems that the contract for the supply of 99 F414s to power the LCA Mk1A was ordered in 2021 and that no engines have yet been delivered. Furthermore, GE's only commitment is that the 99 F414s will be delivered in 2029. If they were to start delivering in 2024, that would mean 20 a year, which is less than the production planned for the LCA Mk1A, but we don't know when they will start delivering. Finally, you really need more Rafales: the UAE, which has already ordered 80 from us, wants more, and also drones. We're going to be saturated, or we'll set up a production line in another country for export.

Production can be scaled up once an order is placed. The second order of 97 is still pending.
 
I'm just an observer, watching the military changes in India over the years, and it seems to me that the IAF has not started to upgrade its massive Su 30, Especially since its PLAAFhas massively upgraded the j 11B
This is probably the most confusing and the most dangerous for the IAF
View attachment 34658

The upgrade program has been going on for a few years.
 
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In fact, this is the problem, Indians can certainly use China to copy the SU 27 to justify their backwardness, But India still has to contend with almost all of its main rival's air fighters being 4.5-generation and 5-generation fighters. And their own fighter is only 4 generation aircraft-based.

It's an overblown issue. As we have noticed in the Ukraine war, weapons are playing a bigger role than platforms.

And air defense has nullified a lot of platform advantages. It's also led to a rethink of the USAF's NGAD.
 
Well, the size of your army is based on your enemies, not your economy. After 2017 India make China to your main enemy, India must have to increase the size of its military, not as it is now, fighters completely behind in both quality and quantity
In fact, Indians say that the Chinese copy Su 27, and can not provoke China, Su 27 this platform we like, Especially now that we know the technology, China is free to make what it wants

The size of a military is based on the ability of the enemy to deploy to the battlefield, not the absolute size of its forces.

Even if PLAAF has 4000 jets, if the airspace can only fit 200 jets, then that's the limit. For example, only 4-8 jets are necessary to take care of a frontage that's 500 km across during air defense. And during engagement, another 8-10 jets will be scrambled, so the effective involvement over an entire sector is just 1 squadron.

So India needs 150 air superiority jets to stop the entire PLAAF. If we assume a war's fought for 2 weeks, then we will need 300 jets in total, considering 100% are lost. All numbers above that are for the IAF to maintain an aggressive posture. And the IAF probably believes 500 jets in total are enough for that. We need up to 1000 jets for a two-front long war, but Pakistan is not ready for that. So it means they need 400-500 for each enemy.

Furthermore, India has more defensible positions than China, so China needs more jets relative to India for air support and interdiction. Plus the plateau will also eat up more jets due to operational constraints and distances from air bases in the plains.

A larger force is only necessary for attrition warfare. Neither China nor India are ready for that at this time.

Unlike IAF, PLAAF has to compete with the US, a force that's located far away, so more jets are necessary.
 
It is basically difficult for the Taiwan Air Force to destroy the Chinese Air Force, but it is easy to destroy the Indian Air Force. This is what I want to say. Open your eyes and look at the world. This is already the era of 4.5 generation fighters and 5 generation fighters. Especially the Russian-Ukrainian war, it has been proved that the performance of su30SM is backward. Russia's main air superiority fighters are still su35 and mig31

The Russians are facing issues with training and deployment, not technology.

And Su-30SM's defensive suite is Russian, whereas MKI's is Indian.

Russia's main air superiority fighters are still Su-35 and Mig-31 because that's their role. Russia trains its pilots for a specific role, their training is not suitable for aircraft like the Su-30SM. They are still learning at this stage. Let's not forget that the Su-30SM is also a relatively new jet for them. China also uses role-specific aircraft. Even for the USAF, multirole is a new concept for their air superiority fighter pilots, and it's limited in functionality.

Among P5+India, ever since BVR was invented, only France and India are properly trained in multirole operations. For the other 4 countries, it's a new concept.
 
So why did Modi want to carry out the reform? The only reason is that India's military service system is not only useless but also consumes a lot of funds.

Incorrect. Modi's reforms have very different reasons, not necessarily military reasons.

For now, we do not know the effectiveness of the new recruitment system in an operational environment, but India's original system was created through winning multiple wars since the 18th century. The Indian Army has won all the wars its fought since World War 2. A lot of our current units have a history of 150 to 300 years.

Furthermore, due to caste system, we have always used professional armies since 3500 years at the minimum, so it's already part of time-tested Hindu tradition. The only exception is soldiers before modern armies trained from when they were 6 years old.

During the Vedic period, Indian society was a democracy, and the leader was elected, and he did not have an army to command, soldiers were provided by society through a professional system and was commanded by a general, much like how it works today. Wars were not initiated by the leader, but by 2 councils, one was headed by eldest members of society (upper house) and another was elected by the people (lower house). Criminal justice was provided by a court and there was separation of religion and state, until Buddhism created the first theocracy. There were also no slaves in India until Islam. It is this system that led to India dominating the world for over 3500 years, until Islamic rule began. Buddhism had made India weak over time. Then, 1800 years later, the Americans adopted the same system India had originally created.

So we are using time-tested traditions even today.

In the modern era, since we cannot militarily train children due to international laws, the army has set up army schools to train kids from when they are 12 years old. So we have found a workaround for this system, at least for officers.
 
All this is a cooked up story. The airframes and complete aircraft minus the engine are ready. These airframes can also be flight tested with reserve engines available with HAL and certified fit for handover to IAF. Once the new engines come, it will take just 8 hrs to replace the old engines and abt 5 hours to install a new engine in case the airframe is without an engine. Within a month all such stored airframes can be delivered to IAF. Engine is just one of the components of the aircraft. It takes more time to build an airframe than it takes to make an engine.

I think the 8 hours and 5 hours are for MKI. For LCA, it may not take more than 1 hour for full replacement. F-16's engine is also 1 hour.
 
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I think it's okay to just listen to the words of so-called insiders, and there's no need to take them seriously. In 2022, all Indians swore that HAL insiders proved that MAK1A had its maiden flight. However, we all know that its actual first flight time is April 2024. If we refer to the JF17block3 test flight time of about 3 years, the actual delivery time of MAK1A to IAF will not be earlier than the end of 2026. Of course, it is not ruled out that India will directly deliver it without completing all test flight subjects for publicity.

Mk1A development airfcraft first flew in 2022. In 2024, it was the first flight of a production aircraft meant for delivery to the air force.

First delivery is delayed because the IAF has asked to complete some software testing before delivery, when the earlier schedule called for testing after delivery of the first 2-3 jets. It concerns the AESA radar and EW suite. So the problem is in the imported systems. The aircraft itself is ready.
 
The Russians are facing issues with training and deployment, not technology.

And Su-30SM's defensive suite is Russian, whereas MKI's is Indian.

Russia's main air superiority fighters are still Su-35 and Mig-31 because that's their role. Russia trains its pilots for a specific role, their training is not suitable for aircraft like the Su-30SM. They are still learning at this stage. Let's not forget that the Su-30SM is also a relatively new jet for them. China also uses role-specific aircraft. Even for the USAF, multirole is a new concept for their air superiority fighter pilots, and it's limited in functionality.

Among P5+India, ever since BVR was invented, only France and India are properly trained in multirole operations. For the other 4 countries, it's a new concept.

Not wholly Indian yet. We're still using the SAP518+ Tarang combo on the MKI. Qualifying an upscaled indigenous jamming pod derived from the MK1A program is likely going to take time. Been reading about the MKI getting towed Rafael X-Guard decoys but could just be a rumour.

EW is one area the MKI is very vulnerable imho. No MAWS or expendable decoys like the ALE-50, for example.

Remember reading about a podded/pylon mounted MAWS (Elisra?) being trialled on the MKI. Current status unknown.

If we plan to use the type through 2055, the EW suite needs special attention. It'd be great to port the DIRCM from the Su-57 over to the MKI. Could cause structural issues though.