L'armée de l'air plaide pour bénéficier d'une flotte de 225 Rafale (au lieu de 185)
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The French Air Force pleads for a fleet of 225 Rafales (instead of 185)
At a time when war is raging in Europe and international tensions are high, the French Air Force is arguing for an increase in the number of Rafale Air aircraft. According to the number two of the French Air Force, France should aim for 225 Rafale Air aircraft instead of the current 185. In the meantime, it is asking for confirmation in 2023 of a new order for 42 Rafales, to be delivered between 2027 and 2030.
The air force has as many Rafales in 2022 as in 2016. General Stéphane Mille, Chief of Staff of the French Air Force and Space Agency, has made a clear statement about the Rafale fleet. "Our Rafale fleet, the only multipurpose fighter aircraft in the air force and space, is at the level it was in 2016, and we have just closed a squadron equipped with Mirage 2000-C. At a time when high-intensity fighting is taking place on Europe's doorstep, this situation should be a wake-up call. Recovering thickness in terms of air superiority and power projection will require a firm order for the aircraft needed to achieve the operational ambition of 2030," he explained on 20 July to the deputies of the National Assembly's defence committee. He said that the fighter aircraft, "the cornerstone of our combat system", was his "main focus".
Resumption of deliveries to the air force
Why such a catastrophic record between 2016-2022? Dassault Aviation has not delivered a Rafale to France for nearly four years (zero in 2019, 2020 and 2021 and one in 2022). The aircraft manufacturer had delivered only one in 2017 and three in 2018. Over six years (2017-2022), the air force will receive only five Rafales. At the same time, 12 air force aircraft have been selected for delivery to Greece (six in 2021 and six in 2022). A further 12 aircraft will be delivered to the Croatian Air Force in 2023. At the end of 2016, the air force had fewer than 100 Rafales in its fleet of fighter aircraft (98 ?). It had received six in 2016. At the beginning of 2019, the French armed forces had 143 Rafales in their fleet, including 41 Rafale Marine, according to the 2019-2025 military programming law (LPM).
"The air and space force has not taken delivery of any fighter aircraft since 2018," confirmed General Frédéric Parisot, major general of the air and space force, during his hearing at the National Assembly's defence committee. French airmen will receive one of these aircraft at the end of 2022. Then 13 aircraft per year over the period 2023-2025. There has been a delay in the delivery of aircraft ordered by France and not for export reasons, but for purely French budgetary reasons," said Dassault Aviation CEO Eric Trappier during the presentation of his group's half-yearly results on 20 July. So, the 4T2 of 28 aircraft (tranche 4T2, editor's note) should have been delivered to France a long time ago and at the request of the French authorities, it was postponed and will only start to be delivered at the very end of 2022 and especially from 2023, to which will be added the 12 replacement aircraft for the 12 Greeks which were taken from the French stock and which will make the 40".
Not enough Rafales in the air force?
During his hearing at the Defence Committee of the National Assembly, General Frédéric Parisot, Major General of the Air Force and Space, made the point after the passage of the Chief of Staff of the Air Force. When I joined the air force 36 years ago, we had 750 fighter planes but they were single-mission," he said. A Rafale, on the other hand, can carry out the missions of several aircraft, although it is not ubiquitous: a floor of 185 aircraft is probably too low; we should probably aim for a floor of 225 aircraft in order to be able to carry out our missions with confidence. That is 40 additional Rafales. This seems legitimate to monitor French airspace because of airspace congestion. "There are 14,000 air movements per day in France, the number of drones has risen from 400,000 in 2017 to 2.5 million in 2021," said General Frédéric Parisot.
But it is the evolution of the international security context that requires, according to the air force, the strengthening of its means. "The hardening of the conflict is reflected in the challenge of access to airspace and space, he noted. Where previously air superiority was almost a given, as in the Sahel or the Levant, we are now faced with a challenge from the poor man's air power, or even with postures of denial of access in the Mediterranean or Baltic areas. Attrition is now part of the equation for the air force, because the air superiority that was more or less acquired is now clearly contested. "With the Rafale, we are reaching a floor," he said. In 2022, the air force will deploy 195 fighter aircraft, including 143 Rafales.
"Over the past ten years, no less than 98 fighters, 24 tactical transport aircraft, 60 helicopters and 335 drones have been shot down on the margins of Europe, well before the invasion of Ukraine, which confirmed the return of the fight for air superiority," recalled the air force major general.
Given the format of the air force, General Frédéric Parisot asked the question: "When will it be necessary to choose between the protection of the vital interests of the nation, the integrity of its airspace and the continuation of conventional combat? He argued that the air force must "seek the right balance between quantity and quality of equipment, drawing all the lessons from current commitments, in particular the war in Ukraine".
A French order in 2023?
Pending a possible decision to increase the Rafale Air fleet, the air force is asking for confirmation in 2023 of a new order for 42 Rafales, to be delivered between 2027 and 2030. "We absolutely must strengthen the order for the twelve Rafales sold to Croatia by a more global order planned for 2023, which involved thirty aircraft (tranche 5, editor's note) and which should be increased to forty-two Rafale Air, to be delivered between 2027 and 2030," explained the number two in the air force.
"This increase in the Rafale fleet to replace the Mirage 2000 will, however, have to be accompanied by a significant effort in favour of air-to-air and air-to-surface missile stocks, as well as for the so-called optional equipment that enables the Rafale to fulfil its missions in terms of combativeness and survivability - radars, laser designation pods and acquisition of the capacity to suppress enemy air defences," explained General Frédéric Parisot.
Dassault Aviation, which has anticipated the transition to a rate of three Rafales per month, is counting on this order. "We hope to have contracts for France. We hope that the fifth tranche will be signed," said Eric Trappier, CEO of the aircraft manufacturer. He is also counting on export contracts: "We think that we will have other contracts that could go a little faster. Dassault Aviation is trying to put into effect the order for 42 Rafales signed by Indonesia and is aiming for a contract by the end of the year in Serbia (12 Rafales) and even India (26 Rafale Marine). More than ever, the four-leaf clover, Dassault Aviation's true talisman, has become the Rafale's providence over time...