S400 is a huge system. It is also uses low band radars.I am no expert but here's my 2 cent opinion. Problem with rafale is that it's not a true VLO aircraft like F 35 or F 22 or other American stealth planes. It will always rely on EW to make up for it's shortcoming....which also make it
vulnerable.
• Now S 400 primary radars vs rafale given rafale RCS value between 1.5 m2 & 2 m2 fully loaded.
• 91N6E S band "Big bird" surveillance radar > will detect rafale around 300km
View attachment 16688
•92N6E X band "Grave stone" FCR > around 200 km View attachment 16689
since rafale will be using Spectra EW system and it is estimated to reduce rafale RCS to 0.06 m2 ......detection range would be much less.....Probably 150 km in case of big bird and 100 km in case of grave stone. This will probably give rafale enough time to overcome S 400 and smash it.
S 400 can use radar mast to detect low flying rafale at longer ranges and if it try to sneak in specially in Tibet.
View attachment 16692
and system like 96L6AP active passive radar complex to counter spectra EW and other airborne jammers and help in early detection of rafale at longer ranges.
View attachment 16687
So it may not be that easy for non stealth fighter jet to overcome S 400 without a bloody nose. Only F 35 and F 22 or other VLO, ELO aircraft can come out unscratched in my opinion.
A drone swarm will be the best way to go in future for non stealth fighter jets to survive contested air defence zone's filled with multiple frequency radars and system like S 400.
Rafale is working on DEDRIA which will reduce RCS of rafale further but it still be a non stealth fighter jet and will always be vulnerable.
All the "stealthy" jets so far are discret in X band only. not in the lower band....